Lingua Technica: Journal of Digital Literary Studies
Lingua Technica: Journal of Digital Literary Studies is a peer-reviewed international journal published by Asosiasi Relawan dan Pengelola Jurnal LPTNU (ARJUNU). This journal is dedicated to exploring the intersection of language, literature, and technology within the realm of digital platforms. The journal covers a wide range of fields, including digital literature, e-poetry, and the relationship between language, literature, and technology in diverse contexts. It investigates the interaction between technology and language in literary works and the innovations in the form and style of literature brought about by digital platforms. Accreditation Number : No. Editor-in-chief : Achmad Fawaid 57214837323 E-ISSN : 3109-3264 DOI : Prefix 10.64595/lingtech by Publisher : Asosiasi Relawan dan Pengelola Jurnal LPTNU Frequency : 2 issues per year (January & July) Focus & Scope : E-literature, tech. & new media in language, etc. Citation & Indexing : Sinta, Copernicus, Garuda, Google Scholar, Dimensions, Indonesia OneSearch Author Guidelines Submit Paper Now!
Asosiasi Relawan dan Pengelola Jurnal LPTNU (ARJUNU)
Copyright (c) 2025 Achmad Fawaid https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Teaching digital literature in secondary school: Multimodal meaning-making and students’ interpretive engagement
The growing use of digital platforms in secondary education has changed how literature is accessed, discussed, and produced, yet many classroom practices still treat technology mainly as a tool for distributing materials rather than as part of literary meaning-making. This study aims to examine how digital literature is taught in one public senior high school in East Java. Using a qualitative case study design, this research analysed lesson documents, teaching materials, selected digital literary texts, classroom observations, platform interactions, student reflections, creative products, teacher interviews, selected student interviews, and assessment artefacts through TPACK Analysis, Multimodal Discourse Analysis, and Reader-Response Analysis. The findings show that technology integration was uneven: Google Classroom, Padlet, Canva, mobile phones, online texts, and projection media supported access, discussion, reflection, and production, but lesson objectives and assessment rubrics still relied heavily on print-based literary categories. Digital literary texts expanded meaning-making through verbal, visual, auditory, spatial, kinetic, interactive, and platform-based modes. Students demonstrated strong affective, social, and creative engagement, especially through digital poems, visual stories, posters, and video responses, but they experienced difficulty with hyperlinks, non-linear narration, interface structures, and multimodal coherence. The novelty of this study lies in proposing a corpus-based classroom framework that connects TPACK, multimodal discourse, and reader-response perspectives to examine digital literature as instructional design, textual form, and student reading experience.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dewi Masyithoh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Reader participation, platform affordances, and interactive meaning-making in online literary environments
The growth of online literary environments has transformed reading from a private act of textual reception into a participatory, interactive, and platform-mediated cultural practice in which readers comment, evaluate, classify, recommend, and circulate literary works. This study aims to examine how reader participation and interactivity are constructed through the relationship among digital narrative structures, reader responses, and platform affordances in online literary environments. Using a qualitative digital textual design, this study analyzes digital literary works, reader comments, votes, kudos, bookmarks, tags, author’s notes, content warnings, interface features, and participation metrics from Electronic Literature Collection, Wattpad, Archive of Our Own, and ELMCIP Knowledge Base. The findings show that interactive narrative structures operate through hyperlink-based navigation, multimodal activation, serial continuation, paratextual framing, and interface-mediated reader movement. Reader responses demonstrate that literary meaning is produced through affective engagement, interpretation, evaluation, communal interaction, curation, and textual circulation. This study contributes to digital literary studies by integrating digital narratology, reader-response analysis, and platform/interface analysis into a unified framework for understanding online literature as a socio-technical literary ecology
Copyright (c) 2025 Suaidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Multimodal poetics in digital literature: A corpus-based analysis of visual-verbal design, screen-based textuality, and reader interaction
Digital literature has transformed literary experience by shifting reading from a page-bound encounter with verbal text into a screen-based engagement with visual design, textual movement, interface structure, and reader participation. This study aims to examine how selected digital-born literary works construct meaning through the integrated operation of verbal, visual, and interactive forms. Using a qualitative interpretive design, the study analyses works drawn from recognized electronic literature archives through Multimodal Discourse Analysis, Digital Poetics Analysis, and Interface and Interaction Analysis. The findings show that visual-verbal configuration functions as a core poetic mechanism, in which typography, layout, image, colour, spatial arrangement, and screen composition actively reshape verbal meaning. The study also finds that fragmentation, movement, and screen-based textuality expand poetic form beyond stable printed structures by making language dynamic, procedural, and temporally organized. Reader navigation further emerges as a crucial mode of meaning-making, as clicking, scrolling, selecting, waiting, observing, and activating textual elements transform reading into a performative negotiation between agency and constraint. The novelty of this study lies in its corpus-based multimodal poetics framework, which integrates visual-verbal design, digital textual dynamics, and interactive readerly performance into a single analytical model for examining digital-born literature.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ridhatullah Assyabani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Language, code, and platform-mediated textuality in electronic literature
Digital literary platforms have transformed literary production and reception by making language inseparable from code, interface, hyperlink, metadata, archive, and platform infrastructure. This study aims to examine how language, code, and textuality operate in electronic literature by focusing on selected works and records from the Electronic Literature Collection, ELMCIP Knowledge Base, The NEXT, IFDB, Interactive Fiction Archive, and Twine-based interactive fiction. Using a qualitative interpretive design, the study combines Digital Discourse Analysis, Platform Studies, and Code/Textual Analysis to examine verbal units, hyperlinks, interface elements, metadata records, branching structures, navigational cues, and accessible code-related procedures. The findings show that digital discourse organizes reading through commands, hyperlinks, menus, choices, metadata labels, and navigational cues that position readers as navigators, operators, assemblers, cartographers, and constrained agents. The findings also reveal that platforms and interfaces function as material conditions that classify, preserve, display, authorize, and regulate access to digital literary works through entry pages, metadata fields, emulator notes, file formats, browser layouts, and curatorial descriptions. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated methodological framework, which treats electronic literature as a linguistic, procedural, infrastructural, and executable literary system rather than merely as digitized textual content
Copyright (c) 2025 Seroja Ainun Nadifah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
From hypertext to interactive narrative: Structure, agency, and multimodal meaning-making of e-literature
The expansion of digital culture has transformed literature from a print-based, linear, and author-centered form into a computational, multimodal, and interactive system of meaning-making. This study aims to examine the evolution of electronic literature from hypertext fiction to interactive narrative by analyzing how textual structure, reader agency, and multimodal experience change across selected digital literary forms. Using a qualitative digital humanities design, the study analyzes selected works and metadata from curated electronic literature archives, including the Electronic Literature Collection, ELMCIP Knowledge Base, The NEXT, and Pathfinders, through hypertextual structure analysis, interactive narrative analysis, and multimodal discourse analysis. The findings show that early hypertext fiction replaces linear sequence with nodes, links, lexias, screens, and navigational pathways that reposition the reader as an active explorer of textual architecture. This study also reveals that interactive narrative expands reader agency from pathway selection into decision-making, action, feedback, interface-mediated participation, and narrative consequence within responsive story systems. The novelty of this study lies in its integrative analytical model that connects hypertextual architecture, participatory agency, and multimodal transformation as three interrelated dimensions in the evolution of electronic literature
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurmalita Herdiana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Mapping the field of digital literary studies: Concepts, methods, and emerging directions
The expansion of digital archives, computational tools, platform-based reading practices, and artificial intelligence has transformed literary studies into a field where texts are increasingly examined as data, networks, interfaces, and machine-mediated cultural objects. This study aims to map the field of digital literary studies by identifying its dominant concepts, methodological clusters, and emerging research directions. Methodologically, the study employs a qualitative-dominant field-mapping design supported by bibliometric description, keyword co-occurrence mapping, bibliometric-oriented science mapping, and corpus-assisted thematic analysis of selected scholarly metadata, abstracts, keywords, and conceptual statements. The findings show that digital literary studies is organised around five major formations: digital humanities and literary interpretation, computational and distant reading, electronic literature and digital textuality, cultural analytics and platform-based literary circulation, and AI-oriented literary analysis. The study also reveals that literary objects are increasingly conceptualised as archives, corpora, graphs, interfaces, platforms, datasets, and algorithmic outputs. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated mapping of concepts, methods, and future directions within digital literary studies.
Poetics of algorithmic excess: digital aesthetics in Indonesia’s Twitter poetry bot
Background: The rapid expansion of social media platforms has transformed literary production, enabling algorithmic poetry to emerge as a digital-native form that challenges conventional notions of authorship, meaning, and aesthetic value. Objective: This study examines how Indonesian Twitter bot poetry operates as a poetics of algorithmic excess, with attention to formal patterns, semantic instability, and platform-mediated authorship. Method: Using a qualitative digital humanities approach, the research analyzes a corpus of 240 poems generated by an Indonesian Twitter poetry bot through close reading, pattern identification, and platform-aware interpretation. Results: The findings show that algorithmic repetition and structural fragmentation function as dominant formal strategies, displacing expressive intentionality with procedural regularity. Semantic noise and randomness produce episodic meaning, shifting interpretive responsibility from author to reader. Platform circulation redistributes authorship among algorithms, users, and infrastructural systems, positioning Twitter/X as a co-author in literary production. Implications: Algorithmic poetry constitutes a legitimate literary practice shaped by platform capitalism and posthuman creativity. Novelty: The study offers a Global South perspective on digital poetics by theorizing algorithmic excess as an aesthetic principle within platform-mediated literature.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yahya Auliya Abdillah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital literary cartography and colonial space: re-mapping spatial imaginations in Robinson Crusoe and Max Havelaar
Background: The spatial turn in literary studies and digital humanities highlights the need to reassess how colonial space is constructed through the interaction between narrative and cartographic knowledge. Objective: This study examines how colonial spatial imagination is produced, contested, and differentiated in Robinson Crusoe (1719) and Max Havelaar (1860) through digital literary cartography. Method: Using a qualitative digital humanities design, the research integrates close textual analysis with historical cartographic materials and spatial metadata, focusing on Atlantic navigation maps, West Indies and New England coastal maps, and administrative maps of Java and Bantam. Results: The findings show that Robinson Crusoe aligns with a cartographic logic of enclosure and maritime circulation, reinforced by island, Atlantic, and West Indies maps that normalize spatial mastery. In contrast, Max Havelaar articulates a fragmented administrative geography, revealed through maps of Java and the Dutch East Indies that expose bureaucratic segmentation and ethical tension. Comparative re-mapping demonstrates divergent cartographic epistemologies shaped by exploration versus governance. Implication: Digital literary cartography reveals colonial space as an ideological construct rather than a neutral backdrop. Novelty: The study offers a comparative Global South–oriented cartographic reading that repositions maps as critical epistemic texts in colonial literature.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fitriya Dessi Wulandari, René Faruk Garzozi Pincay, Dian Muhammad Rifai https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Text mining and semantic modeling of literary corpora: a machine learning–based study of Indonesian fiction
Background: The large-scale digitization of Indonesian literary works has produced extensive textual corpora that challenge conventional close-reading approaches and call for systematic, data-driven methods capable of capturing thematic, semantic, and affective patterns in fiction. Objective: This study aims to examine how text mining and semantic modeling can reveal lexical salience, intertextual relations, and narrative emotion in Indonesian fiction across different thematic orientations. Method: Using a quantitative corpus-based design, the study analyzes 36 Indonesian literary texts published between 1980 and 2022 through TF–IDF–based lexical analysis, document-level semantic embeddings with cosine similarity and clustering, and sentence-level sentiment analysis. Results: The findings show distinct lexical signatures that differentiate thematic clusters, coherent semantic groupings reflecting intertextual proximity, and sentiment trajectories dominated by neutral-to-negative polarity with strategically placed affective peaks across narrative progression. Implication: These results demonstrate that computational methods can empirically support literary analysis without displacing interpretive criticism. Novelty: The study integrates lexical, semantic, and affective modeling within a unified framework for Indonesian fiction, offering a scalable and replicable approach to digital literary studies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rinda Widya Ikomah, Zohaib Hassan Sain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital reading platforms in literary learning: cultural understanding and engagement in Indonesian and Malay texts
Background: The increasing use of digital reading platforms in humanities education has transformed how readers interact with texts, yet their impact on literary engagement, cultural understanding, and interpretive depth in Southeast Asian literary learning remains underexplored. Objective: This study investigates how digital reading platforms shape engagement, cultural meaning-making, and interpretive depth in the reading of Indonesian and Malay texts. Method: Employing a mixed-methods design, the study analyzes digitally mediated interactions—annotations, discussions, and reflective responses—across a curated corpus of canonical Indonesian and Malay works (published between the 1970s and 2010s) accessed through institutional digital reading platforms. Results: The findings reveal distinct patterns of digital engagement, with Indonesian texts eliciting stronger annotation-based interaction and Malay texts fostering more dialogic discussion. Cultural understanding emerges in differentiated forms, combining historical–political contextualization and ethical–communal interpretation. Furthermore, digital mediation supports advanced literary interpretation, including thematic synthesis, ideological critique, and intertextual reasoning. Implication: These results indicate that digital reading platforms function as cultural and interpretive mediation spaces rather than neutral technologies. Novelty: This study integrates literature-specific interpretive indicators with platform-based empirical data, offering a culturally grounded model of digital literary learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor, Ahmad Zubaidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
From manuscript to metadata: preserving Indonesian literary heritage in the contemporary digital transition
Background: The contemporary digital transition has transformed Indonesian literary heritage by shifting literary production from physical manuscripts to born-digital artifacts, while archival infrastructures and metadata practices struggle to keep pace with this change. Objective: This study aims to examine how material transformation, metadata inequality, and digital writing practices collectively reshape literary preservation and authorship in Indonesia. Method: Using a qualitative interpretive approach grounded in digital humanities and archival studies, the research analyzes a multi-layered corpus comprising institutional archives, author-managed digital materials, and platform-based literary outputs through comparative archival analysis and visual-analytic mapping. Results: The findings reveal three interrelated patterns: a dominance of born-digital literary materials accompanied by low archival stability, a stratified metadata landscape that privileges institutional archives over platform-based environments, and a structural tension between high textual productivity and fragile preservation in digital authorship practices. Implication: These patterns indicate that digital literary abundance does not guarantee cultural memory without coordinated archival mediation. Novelty: This study introduces a visual–relational framework that reframes Indonesian literary heritage as an infrastructural and authorially contingent process within the digital transition.
Copyright (c) 2026 M Naveen Kumar, Moh. Ainol Yaqin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Mapping thematic patterns in Indonesian novels through concept mining and computational linguistics
Background: The expansion of Indonesian novels across historical periods has produced complex and overlapping thematic formations that remain difficult to map systematically using conventional close-reading approaches. Objective: This study aims to identify dominant themes, trace their temporal shifts, and examine conceptual overlap among Indonesian novels through a computational framework. Method: Employing a digital humanities approach, the study analyzes a corpus of 30 Indonesian novels (1920-2022) using concept mining, CF-IDF weighting, semantic similarity measurement, and network analysis. Results: The findings reveal dominant thematic clusters centered on social inequality, nationalism, gender, religion, and modernization; clear temporal shifts in thematic emphasis across literary periods; and dense conceptual overlap, with social inequality functioning as a central thematic hub. Theme–theme projection and betweenness centrality analysis further demonstrate that thematic meaning emerges through relational structures rather than isolated categories. Implication: These results strengthen empirical literary analysis by integrating computational rigor with interpretive criticism. Novelty: This study introduces a replicable, network-based thematic mapping model for Indonesian novels, advancing computational literary studies in the Indonesian context.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kun Andyan Anindita, Susan Hockey, Tomi Wahyu Septarianto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The role of interactive gamification through Wordwall Apps to improve students’ engagement and literary comprehension
This study explores the efficacy of interactive gamification through Wordwall Apps in enhancing literary comprehension and student engagement in educational settings. The aim is to determine whether gamification techniques with Wordwall Apps can significantly improve literary learning outcomes compared to traditional teaching methods. Utilizing a quasi-experimental design, the research involved control and experimental groups from a sample of high school students, where the latter engaged in gamified learning activitie with Wordwall s. The findings reveal that Wordwall gamification markedly increases student engagement and deepens literary comprehension, as evidenced by higher post-test scores in the experimental group compared to the control. These results suggest that interactive gamification not only makes learning more enjoyable but also more effective, encouraging a deeper interaction with literary content.
Copyright (c) 2025 Najihah Abd Wahid, Farhan, Mualim Wijaya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Reimagining textuality: Digital convergence and literary adaptation in Indonesia
This article explores the multimodal circulation of Indonesian literary texts through television and digital adaptations, focusing on their implications for the conceptualization and cultural valuation of literature in the digital age. The technological boom and evolving reading practices have shaped how literature is disseminated, especially through intersemiotic media platforms. Drawing on theories of cyberculture and media convergence (David Bell dan Tim Dwyer), this study analyzes examples such as the adaptation of Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata into film and television, Bumi Manusia by Pramoedya Ananta Toer into cinema, and Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck by Hamka into both screen and digital fandoms. These cases reveal a cultural ecosystem in which television, internet platforms, and user-generated content converge to sustain literary texts and cultivate new modes of engagement. The shift from print-centered authority to interactive and collaborative reinterpretation challenges traditional notions of originality and authorship while expanding access to literature across social strata.
Copyright (c) 2025 Moh Atikurrahman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Virtual reality as narrative medium: The emotional effects of full immersion in VR-based film Aladin
Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a transformative medium, offering immersive storytelling experiences compared to traditional 2D films. This study aims to compare emotional and physiological responses elicited by Virtual Reality (VR) and Youtube (YT) versions of Aladin: Escape the Cave of Wonders. Using a mixed-methods approach, emotional data were collected through PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule), while physiological responses such as skin temperature (SKT), heart rate (HR), and respiratory patterns were recorded. Results indicate that VR elicits stronger emotional engagement, with significant increases in negative affect (e.g., fear and nervousness) and higher HR compared to YT films. Scene-specific analyses reveal that immersive environments amplify emotions during intense scenes, supported by physiological markers of heightened arousal. This study underscores VR’s potential as a narrative medium and provides insights into its application for enhancing audience engagement across genres.
Copyright (c) 2025 Arvina Dwi Romadhani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Transmedia storytelling in expanding audience’s engagement: A phenomenological study of Nussa Rara
The evolution of digital storytelling has transformed audience engagement, particularly through the utilization of multiple media platforms. This study aims to explore how the Nussa Rara franchise has expanded its narrative universe across various platforms—YouTube, a feature film, interactive AR, and merchandise—to enhance audience experience and engagement. Using a qualitative research approach, the study analyzed content and collected audience feedback through interviews and surveys. Results indicate that each platform uniquely contributes to deepening the narrative experience, with YouTube providing accessibility, the film adding emotional depth, AR enhancing interactivity, and merchandise creating a tangible connection to the story. These findings underscore the effectiveness of integrated media strategies in building compelling transmedia narratives.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hasan bin Jali, Mawaidi, Lalu Habiburrahman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Digital poetics in the classroom: The role of Taroko Gorge in increasing students’ engagement and critical thinking skills
The integration of generative e-poetry like Taroko Gorge into literary education addresses the growing need to bridge traditional and digital literacy in contemporary learning environments. This study aims to explore how Taroko Gorge enhances students’ engagement and critical thinking, and to identify the possible strategies for its integration into curricula. Using a qualitative approach, this research combines observations, documentation, and interviews with 85 English Literature students at a university in East Java. The findings of this study reveal that Taroko Gorge fosters high levels of engagement and analytical rigor while challenging students to adapt to dynamic textual interpretations. Effective integration strategies include interactive discussions and scaffolded analysis, which align with its generative nature. However, limitations in interdisciplinary applications and sample diversity suggest the need for further research. This study contributes to pedagogical innovation by positioning e-poetry as a transformative tool for modern literary education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Bannaga Taha Al-Zubair Hussen, Cut Irna Liyana, Nadifah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Understanding reader navigation patterns in multi-path hypertext fiction: A case study approach to Patchwork Girl
The rise of hypertext fiction has transformed narrative structures, challenging traditional reading behaviors and comprehension strategies. This study aims to investigate how readers navigate and engage with Patchwork Girl, a seminal work in hypertext fiction, focusing on navigation patterns, motivations, and their impact on comprehension and engagement. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research involved 110 undergraduate English majors, using observations, interviews, and thematic analysis to uncover patterns and insights. Findings revealed three dominant navigation strategies—linear, exploratory, and random—each influenced by motivations such as curiosity, thematic alignment, and a desire for agency. Linear navigation resulted in higher comprehension, while exploratory navigation fostered moderate engagement, and random navigation led to cognitive overload and fragmented understanding. These findings underscore the importance of balancing narrative complexity with user guidance in hypertext design, offering valuable implications for digital storytelling and educational applications.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurul Hijja Mazlan, Candra Rahma Wijaya Putra, Hary Sulistyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0